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A case of associated occurrence of the crab Lauridromia inter-media (Laurie, 1906) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Dromiidae) and the actinian Nemanthus annamensis Carlgren, 1943 (Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Nemanthidae) Naturalis
Lavaleye, M.S.S.; Hartog, J.C. den.
Members of the crab family Dromiidae tend to cover their carapace mostly with sponges or colonial tunicates. More rarely are used other objects or organisms such as solitary Tunicata, Zoantharia (= encrusting anemones), valves of Bivalvia, etc.; a review of these is presented. A new association of a dromiid crab Lauridromia intermedia (Laurie, 1906) and an actinian Nemanthus annamensis Carlgren, 1943, is described and discussed. Lauridromia intermedia is recorded for the first time from the continental shelf of East Africa.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Crustacea Decapoda Dromiidae; Lauridromia intermedia; Actiniaria Nemanthidae; Nemanthus annamensis; Association; First record; Kenya; Review; 42.74.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/319275
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A Farm Gate-to-Consumer Value Chain Analysis of Kenya’s Maize Marketing System AgEcon
Kirimi, Lilian; Sitko, Nicholas J.; Jayne, Thomas S.; Karin, Francis; Muyanga, Milu; Sheahan, Megan; Flock, James; Bor, Gilbert.
Based on the findings of this study, the following actions are proposed for consideration by the Government of Kenya: 1. Raise public investment in maize seed breeding and agronomic research to make it possible for improvements in smallholder crop productivity. Based on research evaluating the returns to alternative investments in agriculture, public expenditures in maize seed breeding and agronomy may constitute the single most important investment to promote broad-based productivity growth and poverty reduction in Kenya. 2. Explore options for improving public and private extension programs to enable farmers to adopt improved farm technologies generated from point 1. 3. Examine options for bringing more land in Kenya under potential cultivation by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Kenya; Maize; Marketing; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101172
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A new species of Gulella (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae) from montane forest in the Ndoto Mountains, Kenya Naturalis
Rowson, B.; Seddon, M.B.; Tattersfield, P..
Gulella mkuu spec. nov. is described from montane forest in the isolated Ndoto Mountains of northern Kenya. Although exceptionally large for the genus, shell, genitalia and radula features suggest it is more closely related to the "G. sellae-ugandensis" complex than to other very large East African species in the subgenus Primigulella Pilsbry. G. mkuu spec. nov. is apparently endemic to the Ndotos.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Gastropoda; Streptaxidae; New species; Kenya; Ndoto / Ndotos; 42.73.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/311942
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A pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Lapurr sandstone, West Turkana, Kenya Anais da ABC (AABC)
O'Connor,Patrick M.; Sertich,Joseph J.W.; Manthi,Fredrick K..
An isolated pterosaurian caudal cervical (~ postcervical) vertebra was recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Lapurr sandstone ofWest Turkana, northwestern Kenya. The vertebral centrum is short, wide, and dorsoventrally compressed. Although the specimen is lightly built similar to most pterosaurs, it is here referred to Pterodactyloidea and tentatively to the Azhdarchidae in that it lacks pneumatic features on both the centrum and neural arch. This represents one of the few pterosaurs recovered from the entirety of Afro-Arabia, the first pterosaur recovered from the Cretaceous of East Africa, and, significantly, a specimen that was recovered from fluvial deposits rather than the near-shore marine setting typical of most pterosaur discoveries.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Pterosauria; Pterodactyloidea; Africa; Kenya; Late Cretaceous.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652011000100019
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Abundance and Population Structure of the Blacklip Pearl Oyster, Pinctada margaritifera l. 1758 (Bivalvia: Pteriidae), in Coastal Kenya OceanDocs
Kimani, E.N.; Mavuti, K.M..
Pearl oysters are an important marine resource within the Indo-Pacific oceans. They are widely cultured for the production of black pearls, their flesh is eaten, and their shell, known as mother-of-pearl (MOP) is used in the ornament and button industry. The blacklip pearl oyster, Pinctada argaritifera L., has been harvested from East Africa for MOP for decades. A survey within nearshore habitats in Kenya showed that Pinctada margaritifera is widely distributed in shallow lagoons, bays and channels. Other oyster species found during the survey were the wing oyster, Pteria penguin, occurring in deep channels in Shimoni and Mombasa, and Pt. chinensis, within lagoons and channels in Malindi, Mombasa and Shimoni. Pinctada margaritifera was most abundant in...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Oyster fisheries Pinctada margaritifera Abundance Population structure Sex behaviour Pteria penguin Pteria chinensis ISW; Kenya.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/39
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ADOPTION OF MAIZE AND WHEAT TECHNOLOGIES IN EASTERN AFRICA: A SYNTHESIS OF THE FINDINGS OF 22 CASE STUDIES AgEcon
Doss, Cheryl R.; Mwangi, Wilfred; Verkuijl, Hugo; De Groote, Hugo.
This paper synthesizes the findings of 22 micro-level studies on technology adoption carried out by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) with national agricultural research systems in Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda from 1996-1999. The authors found that technology adoption is taking place across Eastern Africa but considerable scope remains to improve the productivity of smallholder agriculture in higher potential regions with high levels of adoption. Extension was the variable most highly correlated with technology adoption, and extension services continue to play an important role in disseminating information on new varieties and how to manage them. Despite the usefulness of the micro-study results, especially for priority...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Maize; Wheat; Innovation adoption; Technology transfer; Plant Breeding; Small farms; Case studies; Fertilizers; Private sector; Nongovernmental organizations; Research institutions; International organizations; Kenya; Tanzania; Uganda; Farm Management.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46522
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Adoption of Maize Production Technologies in the Coastal Lowlands of Kenya AgEcon
Wekesa, E.; Mwangi, Wilfred; Verkuijl, Hugo; Danda, Milton Kengo; De Groote, Hugo.
Maize is the major food crop grown in the coastal region of Kenya and constitutes a major component of the diet of the population in the region. However, average yields are far below the potential for the region and low production levels create serious food deficits. Over the years, new technologies have been introduced but adoption has remained low, especially for fertilizer. This paper examined current maize-farming practices and technological and socioeconomic factors that influenced adoption in the Kilifi and Kwale Districts of the Coast Province, that together account for half of maize production in the region. The study found low adoption levels for improved maize varieties and technology, especially fertilizer, among farmers in the area. Farmers...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Maize; Crops; Innovation adoption; Technology transfer; Food production; Production economics; Production factors; Plant breeding; Fertilizers; Yields; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; E14; E16.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56109
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Agricultural Extension in Kenya: Practice and Policy Lessons AgEcon
Muyanga, Milu; Jayne, Thomas S..
A consensus exists that extension services, if functioning effectively, improve agricultural productivity through providing farmers with information that helps them to optimize their use of limited resources. Variations in management practices and husbandry skills among small farmers in Kenya are very great. Tremendous poverty-reducing benefits could be reaped by bringing the production costs of the most inefficient farmers to mean productivity levels. Achieving these gains in maize production efficiency will depend on many factors, but extension is likely to be among the most important. Therefore, the costs to the nation of having an underperforming extension service – in terms of smallholder productivity, incomes, and poverty reduction, and the ability...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Extension services; Kenya; Policy reforms; Privatization; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q18.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55168
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Agricultural Production Incentives: Fertilizer Markets and Insights from Kenya AgEcon
Wanzala, Maria N.; Jayne, Thomas S.; Staatz, John M.; Mugera, Amin W.; Kirimi, Justus; Owuor, Joseph.
The paper has several specific objectives. First, it identifies how fertilizer marketing costs and the types of fertilizers used have changed over the course of the liberalization process in Kenya. A second objective is to examine the fertilizer subsector in Kenya with a view to identifying organizational and institutional changes that could improve its performance. Various types of fertilizer supply chains serving farmers in western Kenya are identified, examine the cost structure of these supply chains, identify potential sources of cost reduction in these supply chains, and last, estimate the impact of illustrative scenarios for reducing fertilizer marketing costs on the profitability of maize production in western Kenya.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Fertilizer; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55150
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Agriculture, Income Risks and Rural Poverty Dynamics: Strategies of Smallholder Producers in Kenya AgEcon
Kuyiah, Joanne Wasswa; Obare, Gideon A.; Herrero, Mario; Waithaka, Michael M..
Poverty in Kenya has been on the increase over the last decade. It is estimated that 56% of the total population live in absolute poverty. Most of the poor reside in rural areas where agriculture is the main livelihood activity. Majority of Kenya's farmers are smallholders. They account for 75% of the total agricultural output and about 70% of marketed agricultural produce. The fate of smallholder agriculture in this country is therefore central to poverty reduction. A collapse in output and incomes from smallholder agriculture is likely to have damaging welfare effects and retard pro-poor economic growth. Smallholders often operate in a risky environment, which affects the level and variability of household resource endowments and income. The importance...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Smallholder farms; Income risk; Rural Poverty; Linear Programming; Kenya; Farm Management; C61; D13; L23; Q18.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25596
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An Assessment of the Informal Sector Trade in Kenya AgEcon
Gor, Seth Omondi.
This study assesses the nature and practice of cross-border trade in Kenya with a view to filling the information gap on its patterns and key characteristics, a gap that has hitherto acted to hinder effective policy formulation. The study relies on information from a number of cross-border monitoring survey initiatives mounted by various institutions over the years. The study finds that informal cross-border trade accounts for more than 40 percent of the GDP and is therefore almost equivalent to formal trade. Efforts should be made to conceive policy suggestions that would optimize both formal and informal trade from the viewpoint of the national economy.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Cross-border trade; Exports; Horn of Africa; Informal; Kenya; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122237
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An Error Corrected Almost Ideal Demand System for Major Cereals in Kenya AgEcon
Nzuma, Jonathan M.; Sarker, Rakhal.
Despite significant progress in theory and empirical methods, the analysis of food consumption patterns in developing countries, particularly those in Sub Saharan Africa has received very limited attention. An attempt is made in this article to estimate an Error Corrected Almost Ideal Demand System for four major cereals consumed in Kenya employing annual data from 1963 to 2005. The model performs well both on theoretical and empirical grounds. All own-price elasticities are negative and statistically significant and all cereals are necessities both in the short-run and in the long-run in Kenya.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Error Correction Model; AIDS; Cereal Consumption; Kenya; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6443
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Annotated list of new records of marine macroalgae for Kenya and Tanzania, since Isaac's and Jaasund's publications OMA
Coppejans, E.; Leliaert, F.; De Clerck, O..
48 species of Rhodophyta, 10 species of Phaeophyta and 38 species of Chlorophyta, newly reported since Isaac's publications on seaweeds from Kenya and Jaasund's papers on macroalgae fiom Tanzania, are listed with bibliograpbic, taxonomic and biogeographic comments. Some of these species were previously published in more detailed taxonomic studies by this paper's authors.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Algae; New records; Kenya; Tanzania.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/242248.pdf
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Application of Chow test to improve analysis of farmer participation in markets in Kenya AgEcon
Otieno, David Jakinda; Omiti, John M.; Nyanamba, Timothy O.; McCullough, Ellen B..
Involvement of farmers especially those at the smallholder level, in commercial agriculture is an important pathway towards economic development. There is a growing literature on the extent and determinants of market participation by farmers in different areas of the world. However, many studies fail to statistically account for the choice of either pooled models or disaggregated analysis of data from multiple sites. The consequence is that the scope and relevance of policy inferences on the basis of those results are limited. This study contributes to knowledge in filling the analytical void through application of the Chow test. Primary data from seventy seven vegetable farmers is analysed to understand factors that influence the level of market...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Chow test; Rural-urban divide; Market analysis; Policy; Kenya; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50776
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Aprostocetus (Ootetrastichus) theioneurus (Masi) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): a hyperparasitoid on the cereal stem borer Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Africa Naturalis
Salle, J.La.
Aprostocetus (Ootetrastichus) theioneurus (Masi) is recorded from Kenya as a hyperparasitoid on Chilo partellus through the braconid Cotesia sesamiae. This is the first known species of the subgenus Ootetrastichus which is not a primary endoparasitoid of eggs. Diagnostic characters are given for this species.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Eulophidae; Aprostocetus; Ootetrastichus; Hyperparasitoid; Lepidoptera; Pyralidae; Chilo partellus; Stem borer; Kenya; 42.75.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/318726
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Are Horticultural Exports a Replicable Success Story? Evidence from Kenya and Côte d'Ivoire AgEcon
Minot, Nicholas; Ngigi, Margaret.
Kenyan horticultural exports are often cited as a success story in African agriculture. Fruit and vegetable exports from Côte d’Ivoire have received less attention, but the export value is similar to that of Kenya. This paper focuses on three questions. First, do the horticultural sectors of Kenya and Côte d’Ivoire constitute valid success stories? Second, what factors have contributed to the success (or lack thereof)? And third, to what degree can the success be replicated in other African countries? The paper finds that Kenyan horticultural exports are indeed a success story: horticulture has become the third largest earner of foreign exchange, more than half the exports are produced by smallholders, and smallholders gain from producing for the export...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Horticulture; Exports; Kenya; Côte d’Ivoire; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60330
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Are Household Production Decisions Cooperative? Evidence on Pastoral Migration and Milk Sales from Northern Kenya AgEcon
Doss, Cheryl R.; McPeak, John G..
Market-based development efforts frequently create opportunities to generate income from goods previously produced and consumed within the household. Production within the household is often characterized by a gender and age division of labor. Market development efforts to improve well being may lead to unanticipated outcomes if household production decisions are non-cooperative. We develop and test models of household decision-making to investigate intra-household decision making in a nomadic pastoral setting from Kenya. Our results suggest that household decisions are contested, with husbands using migration decisions to resist wives’ ability to market milk.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Intrahousehold decision-making; Household production; Kenya; Consumer/Household Economics; D13; O12.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28460
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Aspects of the biology and feeding ecology of the orbiculate cardinal fish <i>Sphaeramia orbicularis</i> (Cuvier, 1828) (Teleostei: Apogonidae) in a Kenyan mangrove forest OMA
Mees, J.; Mwamsojo, G.U.; Wakwabi, E.O..
The orbiculate cardinal fish <i>Sphaeramia orbicularis</i> is the most abundant teleost among the root system of the extensive mangrove forests bordering Gazi Bay, Kenya. The species was never recorded from the bay proper and it can thus be considered to be a true mangrove resident. The sampled population clearly consisted of two cohorts: the modes were approximately 65mm and 80 mm. Most individuals with standard lengths >40mm had mature gonads ; the number of eggs ranged from 4,700 to 10,000. <i>S. orbicularis</i> are carnivores, mainly feeding on small epi- and hyperbenthic crustaceans. Numerically, gammaridean amphipods and tanaids were the dominant prey categories in the stomachs of both size classes. Individuals belonging to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Feeding behaviour; Apogonidae [Cardinalfishes]; Sphaeramia orbicularis [orbiculate cardinalfish]; Teleostei; Kenya.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=4024
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Assessing the Factors Underlying Differences in Group Performance: Methodological Issues and Empirical Findings from the Highlands of Central Kenya AgEcon
Place, Frank; Kariuki, Gatarwa; Wangila, Justine; Kristjanson, Patricia; Makauki, Adolf; Ndubi, Jessica.
This paper examines the performance of rural groups in Kenya and addresses the methodological issues and challenges faced in doing this, and presents the empirical evidence regarding various hypothesized explanatory factors for relative performance levels. Eighty-seven groups and 442 households were surveyed using several approaches. Various performance measures were tested. Both descriptive analysis and regression models were used to gain a better understanding of the group-level and household-level factors that explain performance. Collective action is desired and practiced for a large number of tasks. The findings highlight the incredible number, diversity and dynamic nature of groups in the highlands of Kenya (and we suspect this finding is not...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Collective action; Natural resource management; Technology adoption; Institutions; Kenya; Calliandra; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50060
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Assessment of developing-country urban consumers’ willingness to pay for quality of leafy vegetables: The case of middle and high income consumers in Nairobi, Kenya AgEcon
Ngigi, Marther W.; Okello, Julius Juma; Lagerkvist, Carl Johan; Karanja, Nancy; Mburu, John G..
The improvement in income in developing countries has led to emergence of middle and high income consumers in urban centers. Improvement in income usually causes the shift to consumption of non-staples including leafy vegetables. Thus in major developing country urban centers there has been rapid expansion of the grocery sections featuring leafy vegetables in leading retail stores. Specialty stores have also emerged featuring broad range vegetables. Many middle and high income consumers shop these stores. This study examines the willing of the middle and high income consumers who shop specialized stores to pay for quality of leafy vegetables and drivers of willingness to pay for quality. The study uses contingent valuation and the payment card method in...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Food safety; Urban consumers; Leafy vegetables; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96191
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